The effect of climate on cereal crops

The ups and downs of the climate inevitably have repercussions on the yield and quality of the autumn-winter cereal crops which are traditionally grown dry. There are tools available to the field operator to allow the achievement of the best quantitative-qualitative result: the use of technologically innovative fertilizers on the one hand, agronomic techniques on the other, in a global management perspective according to the principles of ‘agriculture 4.0: thanks to the application of digital technologies, farms, especially those that deal with cereal crops, can increase profit, economic and environmental sustainability.

It is a fact that the farmer must respect the time windows useful for each cultivation operation by integrating takeaways with targeted and balanced nutrition in respect of soil fertility and at the same time be timely in the treatments to be carried out.

It is necessary to work, for the different production areas at different latitudes, on a shared supply chain path, achieving common objectives in quantitative/qualitative terms; the awareness remains that the productions in Italy of areas suitable for wheat are still insufficient to satisfy the needs of the Italian pasta industry.

The Mugavero protocol on cereal crops

The Mugavero production protocol for cereal crops presents consolidated results in terms of yield-quality combination and provides for the use of “slow release” nitrogen fertilizers with a high technological level such as the MIDOTEC line and the AUREA line respectively for bottom fertilization and cereal cover.

Midotec

The fertilizers of the Midotec line contain the 3.4 DMPP inhibitor of soil bacteria responsible for nitrification, therefore they must be buried to best express the characteristics of the fertilizer.

Aurea

Unlike the traditional nitrogen fertilization with urea that the farmer carries out “running” after the rains, the use of the Aurea fertilizer containing the urease inhibitor NBPT makes it possible to program the fertilization comfortably, regardless of the onset of rain cover nitrogen. Aurea also has the further advantage of canceling the nitrogen losses due to volatilization that occurs with the distribution of urea.

Canta and Supra

The protocol also includes a biostimulant, CANTA, and a foliar fertilizer, SUPRA.

Canta is recommended for application with weed control to reduce the stress of the herbicide on the plant; it promotes the development of roots and allows for a better-structured plant and ear. Supra has instead been studied for foliar application to complete the nitrogen requirement of the crop in the last stage of crop growth. Unlike other formulations, Supra can be used at high doses per hectare without the risk of creating phytotoxicity, even when mixed with fungicides. The application of Supra ensures, in all circumstances, the achievement of a satisfactory protein content.

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Protocol Mugavero on Fennel

Fennel is one of the few items in the fruit and vegetable supply chain to be produced in Italy and has no foreign competitors on the shelves of large-scale distribution. The increase in raw material costs, both in the fields and in the warehouse, is penalizing the fennel supply chain. Plastics, paper, and wood have undergone significant increases, up to 50-60%.

Making a difference in the field by reducing waste and improving quality is certainly a challenge to be taken up, in a market that is increasingly attentive to pesticide residues.

Biostimulants and Resistance Inductors

Mugavero proposes a fertilization plan for fennel that provides for the foliar application of biostimulants and resistance inducers.

Radico Gel

In the post-transplantation it is suggested to intervene with RADICO GEL at a dose of 5 liters per hectare: thanks to its gel formulation it guarantees persistence on plant tissues and as well as providing phosphorus to favor root development it completes the nutritional requirement of meso and microelements.

Macal and Canta

During the growth of the clot, weekly foliar treatments in a mixture of MACAL together with CANTA are recommended at doses of 5 liters and 2.5 liters per hectare respectively. If MACAL satisfies the needs of the crop in calcium and magnesium, CANTA reduces abiotic and biotic stresses by amplifying the nutritional response and vegetative development.

Statia and Tocuzin

The application of MACAL and CANTA can be alternated with the application in a mixture of two resistance inducers, STATIA and TOCUZIN to be used at a dose per hectare of 5 liters and 2.5 liters respectively. STATIA guarantees energy supply and healing action of the herbaceous tissues of fennel, TOCUZIN health protection from fungi and bacteriosis thanks to the cytotropic action of zinc and copper. Together they guarantee crop health appreciated by the field operator, guaranteeing a “zero residue” product that complies with the quality standards of the large-scale distribution.

Supra

In the lump enlargement phase, at 3/4 of the cycle, to complete the development of the plant, it is recommended to apply SUPRA at a dose of 10 liters per hectare.

The final result of the suggested protocol is an article having size and homogeneity of lump size. At the same time, an absence of rot inside the lump is guaranteed. The waste at the time of harvesting is almost nil.

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In the south of Italy, strawberry transplants in protected crops began a few days ago. To help the seedling in its “planting” it is necessary to think about promoting rooting and favoring the enlargement of the crown to better prepare the differentiation to flower. Mugavero offers two of its products for this very delicate phase of the strawberry, NIGER 650, the water-soluble with Leonardite extracts specific for rooting, and CANTA, a new generation biostimulant.

In protected strawberry cultivation, NIGER 650 is appreciated for its particular formulation with high solubility sub-acid reaction; applied in fertigation post-transplantation, it promptly induces the emission of new roots. The treated plant darkens and takes on brilliance a few hours after application.

In order to enhance the effectiveness of NIGER 650, it is recommended to add CANTA biostimulant during fertigation, containing an organic matrix readily assimilable by plant tissues and bioactive molecules produced by Streptomyces sp. Bacteria: applied as in this case by the root it ensures a more robust and renewed and prolonged effect over time on the development of the epigeal and hypogeal organs of the plant; it strengthens the vascular system, especially in conditions of biotic and abiotic stress. Its application does not disturb any inocula based on Trichoderma spp, on the contrary, it can be a support for the same in times of the year of sudden lowering of temperatures when the low temperature severely limits the activity of mycorrhizal fungi.

The results of the application of CANTA are undisputed and appreciated by the farmer: it is easy and quick to use in the preparation of the final solution as it does not require “dead” times for a preventive activation of microorganisms, it can be used in strategies combined with chemical control and it can be mixed with bactericidal substances (copper and derivatives) and/or disinfectants (hydrogen peroxide). Finally, CANTA, applied by foliar application, can be used in combination with “heavy” pesticides, reducing the stress induced on the plant by the fungicide.

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The increase in business management costs nowadays requires particular attention to autumn and winter fertilization; from this point of view, the foliar application comes to the aid of the farmer by representing an “economically” valid choice with very high efficiency.

GRAN RISERVA

Gran Riserva is a foliar biostimulant that provides the plant with the “energy” necessary to complete the phylloptosis and maturation of the wood; it allows the plant to “rest” at its best by intervening when it is time to slow down the vegetative activity and accumulate the reserve substances essential for the next year’s production cycle.
The correct accumulation of reserve substances is evident, in many cases, with an evident swelling of the bud, especially on some fruit species such as stone fruit and kiwi: the plant thus treated quickly acquires greater resistance to biotic and abiotic agents, improving resistance to cold and to pathogens. This is made possible by the presence of lignosulfonates which give the product marked surfactant and sequestering properties with regard to the microelements present (Zn and Mn).

Gran Riserva is applied post-harvest: it is also effective on already defoliated branches as it is absorbed by the cell walls of the wood and bud, also exerting a healing action.
According to the vegetation cover:
Use the highest dosage if the plant has not yet lost its leaves (LAI equal to 1);
Use the lowest dosage if the plant has lost at least 50% of its leaves (LAI equal to 0.5).

LAI (Leaf Area Index): Leaf area index, a measure of the leaf area per unit of soil surface.

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The Mugavero line for quality Lettuce:

In leafy vegetables, the characteristics that recognize their quality are consistency and crunchiness and above all shelf-life. The MUGAVERO biostimulants line for lettuce cultivation includes a range of highly professional products that can be used in organic and / or zero residue. To cope with calcium deficiencies in conditions of water stress, MACAL is proposed, a formulation based on readily assimilable calcium and magnesium to be applied by foliar application. While calcium directly affects the salt balance in plant cells and activates potassium to regulate the opening and closing of stomata and to allow the movement of water in the plant, magnesium guarantees the promotion of photosynthetic activity and a greening of the fabrics.

MACAL must be applied from the phase of vegetative development to immediately before harvesting alone or in a mixture of aMUGASOL MIX L, a product based on chelated microelements with an organic chelator that allows rapid absorption at the vascular level.

STATIA is a new PK formulation with zero residues indicated for structuring the leaf, improving resistance to abiotic agents, and also with healing action. STATIA is indicated during the whole cycle of the plant in a mixture of pesticides and other biostimulants.

To complete the foliar nutrition there is MUGASOL GEL in different formulations (PLANTA 20.20.20, RADICO 11.40.12, MATUR 10.10.31) which improve the color of the plant in terms of brightness and intensity.

CANTA is one of the newborns of MUGAVERO and belongs to the category of “activators of the rhizosphere”; organic biostimulant containing a consortium of bacteria that promotes the vegetative-productive development of the plant. Administered via the leaves and by fertigation, it strengthens the root and vascular system of the plant even in conditions of biotic and abiotic stress.

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